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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in Arizona: Full of Financial Barriers and Frozen Futures
What is IVF? A commonly used acronym, IVF refers to “in vitro fertilization.” IVF is a process by which mature eggs are taken from a person’s ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a lab to create one or more embryos. These embryos are then frozen until the prospective carrier receives medicine designed to prepare their […]
Confirmation Bias and Reliability in Treating Healthcare Provider Testimony
Imagine you are a juror in a case involving infant abuse. The treating physician testifies that, when the infant arrived in the hospital, she was covered with large bruises. The doctor then states, “The family was awkward, and the father was visibly irritated.” The family also offered no explanation for the infant’s condition. After accurately informing you that accidental bruising is exceedingly rare in infants, the doctor concludes the infant’s bruising is consistent with trauma caused by a severe beating. He adds: “I see this sort of thing every day, and it’s heartbreaking.”